If you can't remount read-only at this point, investigate some of the other possible causes listed here. YES!! Since it's not used 99.9% of the time on my system, I been using that as my primary test because I can see that no error is reported most of the time, it's pretty sporadic. How do I recursively grep all directories and subdirectories? Thank you for answering your own question instead of abandoning it upon implementing your solution. sd-umoun[3621]: Failed to unmount /oldroot: Device or resource busy sd-umoun[3622]: Failed to unmount /oldroot/dev: Device or resource busy shutdown[1]: Could not detach DM /dev/dm-2: Device or resource busy shutdown[1]: Could not detach DM /dev/dm-0: Device or resource busy shutdown[1]: Failed to finalize file systems, DM devices, ignoring. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. renaming the parent directory always worked for me. Side note: I get it. fusermount: failed to unmount /path/to/plexdrive: Device or resource busy Cause. It would be more complex trying to only add the arg if it's non-default. I also had a mount in the mount. So I unmounted the thumb drive partitions (unmounting one automatically unmounted the other) and safefly unplugged the thumb drive. @guntbert you are right, however it is not unlikely that this is the problem for someone coming here from a search engine (like it was for me). sudo 36302 root cwd DIR 8,21 4096 1048577 /media It could be a file opened for reading or writing, a current directory, or a few more obscure cases. Another filesystem mounted on the filesystem you are trying to umount will cause grief. I recently had a similar need to unmount in order to change it's label with gparted. Why do we kill some animals but not others? @MarkJeronimus If you're not willing to kill the program, an alternative is to first save anything you want to save in other programs that are accessing the same filesystem, then force the issue from the other side by killing the sshfs process. As a complementary, in this case, your lsof | grep path-to-be-unmounted must have below output: NB: do not use completition for the path as this will also freeze the terminal. Then those messages shows up for second. Read-only re-mount achievement unlocked . Thanks for contributing an answer to Super User! Could you check your logs just to confirm? Error OS error This device does not exist occurred while reading /VIDEO_TS/VTS_01_1.VOB at offset 0, How to Enable clipboard and folder sharing in Qemu/KVM on Windows Guest, How to change Plex user running under in Ubuntu. FreeNAS-11.3-U3.2 This is kind of a strange one to me. So share those logs and the same output as above if you can reproduce it. Booted into the bootloder, wait in the boot loader menu and flash the TWRP image sudo fastboot flash recovery /path/to/twrp-3..2--hammerhead.img For example, I stop the service, reload daemon, restart them. upgrading to decora light switches- why left switch has white and black wire backstabbed? Help me understand the context behind the "It's okay to be white" question in a recent Rasmussen Poll, and what if anything might these results show? You will see the .xyz content in the 8th column (last row). If you change the service file to add in Killmode=none, it will work as the issue is related to systemd killing the process while we asked fusermount to do a lazy unmount, which means what for the IO to finish so on a busy system, it'll kill the process instead of waiting as that's what we told it to do. My typical solution is to rename or move the parent directory of the file, then come back later in a day or two and the file will have been removed automatically, at which point I am free to delete the directory. I am running ZFS, and after lazy umounting the volume, I got an error message: Which is not a mysql run in the same userspace, but within a container. fusermount -u mnt returns: fusermount: entry for /home/catskul/foo/mnt not found in /etc/mtab sudo fusermount -u mnt returns: fusermount: failed to unmount /home/catskul/foo/mnt: Device or resource busy sudo fuser -a mnt returns: Sign in So I restarted the netatalk daemon on the server. Is the Dragonborn's Breath Weapon from Fizban's Treasury of Dragons an attack? It would generate an error if not mounted. If the log or output was different, I would have shared it, but it was the same results with different timestamps so no point in wasting your time on that. When running umount /path I get: umount: /path: device is busy. - -This program must be run as the root user. What does in this context mean? What is the best way to deprotonate a methyl group? Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. sdb1sdf1sdi1 3 One nuance, if you are logged in through FTP client, you have to logout in order to successfully unmount folder. That page needs updated. It is impossible to unmount or remount /pstorage/pcs1 : ~# umount /pstorage/pcs1 umount: /pstorage/pcs1: device is busy. An additional reason could be a secondary mount inside your primary mount folder, e.g. If 3 checks fail, it will disconnect and umount. an archive file from a file manager GUI. Exiting the terminal or changing directories to a local share then running fusermount -u solves my problems. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Its easy to setup and works well except for one machine. Thanks for this advice. truncate logs, reboot system, check logs, fusermount error. lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.gvfsd-fuse file system /run/user/1000/gvfs By the way, the errors "failed to unmount '/system' and '/vendor, device or resource busy'" only occur in unofficial TWRP. 542), We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. This same behaviour can be achieved by mounting an empty directory with permissions 000 over the directory to be unmounted. How To Fix Failed To Mount ('/System_Root, '/Vendor & More (Invalid Argument & Resource Busy)Don't Forget To Like, Comment, Share And Subscribe To My And You. Riffing off of Prabhat's question above, I had this issue in macos high sierra when I stranded an encfs process, rebooting solved it, but this. The only thing that worked was pkill -9 sshfs. yum EPEL Temporarily duplicate the mountpoint with. Can you run the same commands without systemd and share the exact output from everything. rm -rf dirctrl+Crm -rf However if umount -l didn't work I can't imagine this would be much different. privacy statement. It worked! [] [1683]: Remounting '/var' read-only in with options 'seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota'. Simply restarting the process holding on to the deleted file resolved the issue. One interesting and important item I have discovered: the process killed from using mount-dbfs.sh is ***not**** the same as shown from fuser. What does in this context mean? Same as before? Unix & Linux Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of Linux, FreeBSD and other Un*x-like operating systems. An umount command is used to unmount a device/partition by specifying the path to the directory where it has been mounted. cat rclone.servce and share output 542), We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Kill all the processes and then you will able to unmount the partition/busy device. Is your shell's current directory on the mountpoint path? 542), We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. (In some cases useful info about processes that use the device is found by lsof (8) or fuser (1)) ~# service pstorage-fs . Before unmounted the filesysem. The data is in a consistent state, should you need to physcially disconnect the device. Bacon saved. Why did the Soviets not shoot down US spy satellites during the Cold War? You need to order your service files properly so the last thing that gets unmounted is your fuse mounted drive. thanks for the help. everything checks out. systemctl status rclone.service and share the output What output? It didn't happen 100% of the time either so it was tricky. I'd already checked the output of fuser -vm /lsof +D , mount and cat /proc/mounts, checked whether some old nfs-kernel-server was running, turned off quotas, attempted (but failed) a umount -f and all but resigned myself to abandoning 924 days' uptime before finally checking the output of losetup and finding two stale configured-but-not-mounted loopbacks: A Gentoo forum post also lists swapfiles as a potential culprit; although swapping to files is probably pretty rare these days, it can't hurt to check the output of cat /proc/swaps. Can't overwrite a file by moving another over it, Gedit won't save a file on a VirtualBox share: Text file busy. run below command to find out the processes using by a filesystem: fuser -cu /local/mnt/. Linux, like Windows, has file and device locking. I had this problem when an automated test created a ramdisk. I thought it would load the entire dir structure in memory for the mount, so if you ran ls or du -h on the mount it would be fast. Hide the original mount point and block the namespace: The original namespace hidden (no more files could be opened, the problem can't get worse), A duplicate bind mounted directory (as opposed to a device) on which Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? that's providing the fileystem. See here and here for other causes and their remedies. umount -l and umount -f is not good enough for my situation. These options do have value, this isn't just for 1 personal system. The smb commands have actually been deprecated and replaced by "umount.cifs" . which also doesn't work. After the netatalk restart, umount succeeded without the -f. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. fusermount: failed to unmount device or resource busy. fusermount: failed to unmount : Device or resource busy. df: '/mnt/restic': Transport endpoint is not connected. Why the following error appears when using rm -rf * in my current location? In above example you are using /mnt. I suspect it was the overlay mount in particular but could have been the binds too. @ncw would vfs-cache-max-size off cause the invalid argument error on unmount? By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and On 10/04/2021 09:51, Steven Shiau wrote: > Failed to unmount /run/live/medium: Device or resource busy > Is any workaround we can try to avoid this? Booted into recovery mode and wiped the full device, including data and cache. This manpage was originally written by Bastian Kleineidam <calvin@debian.org> for the Debian distribution of fuse-utils. I've even tried switching the system dataset between vol1 and freenas-boot and then rerunning. ): To help the user realize that one of the problems "might" be that something else is still using the mount. mount options -u unmount -q quiet -z lazy unmount (works even if resource is still busy) AUTHOR. Already on GitHub? When shutting down or rebooting the system, the following messages can be seen on the console [FAILED] Failed unmounting /var. Interestingly, rmdir then gives this message: rmdir: failed to remove '/tmp/tmp.xxxxxxxxxx': Device or resource busy Hello. mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1. It should get the job done. This doesn't work in my situation, there simply is no .xyz file. To force unmount a CIFS share in Linux, do the following. I mounted a remote file system using sshfs (version 2.8.4). In my case it was docker that was holding the file. That will recurse through the filesystem under /path, so beware doing it on large directory trees. There is a way to detach a busy device immediately (even if it is busy and cannot be unmounted forcefully). One must use it with the -u, the -z option alone, will produce an error. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. everything checks out. @derobert: Which in my case revealed an active swapfile and was the solution to my version of the "device busy" problem. systemctl stop rclone.service and share the output. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. No clue why. Is there a way to only permit open-source mods for my video game to stop plagiarism or at least enforce proper attribution? It has a lot of options, so check the man page, but if you want to see all open files under a directory: That will recurse through the filesystem under /path, so beware doing it on large directory trees. at least right now, the ps grep is clean. rev2023.3.1.43266. Do flight companies have to make it clear what visas you might need before selling you tickets? quit/kill/do_something_with_them so that they don't use. However fuser is useful when it comes to killing the processes causing your dramas so you can get on with your life. sda3 https://rclone.org/commands/rclone_mount/#systemd. Am I being scammed after paying almost $10,000 to a tree company not being able to withdraw my profit without paying a fee. NFS cannot remove a file that is used. I don't know, not documented, so unsafe. How to draw a truncated hexagonal tiling? It's available but not every command works with every backend. is there a chinese version of ex. Meaning of a quantum field given by an operator-valued distribution. Why does fusermount prepend /home to the path when the resource is busy? Since lsof burped up two fuse warnings, I poked around in /run/user/1000/*, and took a guess that it could be open files or mount points (or both) interfering with things. [] [1684]: Failed to unmount /var: Device or resource busy Use the start option to mount it again. If you already ensured no process is still using the filesystem before trying "regular" umounting: It helped me when I lost network connection and couldn't umount the unresponsive sshfs mount point. Worked. Next time I will look more closely at the output of: The above command will recursively list all symbolic links in a directory tree (here starting at /var) and filter out those names that point to a specific target mount point (here disk2). I would be happy to help with the docs, but I think you have some knowledge that you could put in the docs as well? [1] It is less convoluted to use mount --move, but that requires mount --make-private /parent-mount-point which has implications. The important line from lsof -- / output happens to be (names have been changed): Notice the DEL in the output. Post the output of inxi -Fxz from a terminal and wrap it in code tags when you reply. I mean, it worked in you tests as expected as that was the idea. kill -9 did not work even after fusermount -zu /mount/point or umount -l /mount/point (which worked). ): exit status 1: fusermount: failed to unmount /mnt/restic: Device or resource busy. sudo systemctl daemon-reload Good input. The major unmount achievement to be unlocked is the read-only remount. 2linux16rd.breakctrl+x OP expressely stated that his current working directory was. Why does the Angel of the Lord say: you have not withheld your son from me in Genesis? The -i flag makes fuser ask before killing. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. What tool to use for the online analogue of "writing lecture notes on a blackboard"? Why is the article "the" used in "He invented THE slide rule"? Sorry I dont have a better answer than "it just works for me". we need to check is any process holding or using the filesystem. I had this issue, and it turned out that there were active screen sessions in the background I didn't know about. You are also running it as root. How did you find out fast-list does nothing on a mount? Another alternative when anything works is editing /etc/fstab, adding noauto flag and rebooting the machine. Exiting the terminal or changing directories to a local share then running fusermount -u solves my problems. Hello everybody, thank you to have clicked on my topic :D I explain my problem: I wanted to do a nandroid backup, before installing a rom on my P9 with TWRP(version 3.1.1-0), I have selected "Boot," "System," and "Data" (as usual) But a message. It's gotta be because the drive is randomly in use. Not the answer you're looking for? You can see the fusermount exited with 0. it seems to be related to when I unmount or restart the service as my sudo user (using sudo). Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? It has that in there. that's the systemd file with the args, what more do you need? failed to unmount /mnt/restic: Device or resource busy, https://github.com/restic/restic/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md. I installed file lede-17.01.-r3205-59508e3-mvebu-linksys-wrt3200acm-squashfs-factory.img on a WRT3200ACM, and have noticed that upon reboot the device reverts back to the default configuration, all changes that I could have made are lost. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Browse other questions tagged. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. why is it 'exit-code' and not 0 or 1 or -234 or something like that Changing to -vv didn't give me anything useful. By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and see this https: . @psusi, that is incorrect. Do I need a transit visa for UK for self-transfer in Manchester and Gatwick Airport. So, also check. lsof 36305 root cwd DIR 8,21 4096 1048577 /media. Instead of using lsof to crawl through the file system, just use the total list of open files and grep it. (You'll need to run umount on the mountpoint twice if you've bind mounted a mode 000 directory on top.). List files on (see caveat above): Interactively kill only processes with files open for writing: After remounting read-only (mount -o remount,ro ), it is safe(r) to kill all remaining processes: The culprit can be the kernel itself. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? I'm assuming its because its a network drive and I can't see the processes of other computers accessing the drive. (Only for The command should be: fusermount -u /mnt/s3. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Here it was a /mnt/dev bind to /dev that I had created to be able to repair my system inside from the chroot jail. These commands can disrupt a running process, cause data loss OR corrupt open files. Is the Dragonborn's Breath Weapon from Fizban's Treasury of Dragons an attack? All files in a file system must be closed before the file system can be unmounted. to your account, restic 0.9.6 compiled with go1.13.4 on linux/amd64. gdrive.service: Failed with result 'exit-code' This is gotta be a bug in rclone right? "cd /"), the un-mount works smoothly. That's the same behavior I'm seeing. 5. With a FUSE filesystem like SSHFS, you can kill the process Do you only ever get the fusermount error in systemd though? But first, let's understand what device or resource busy is. I could not unmount the drive because it was in use, but lsof and fuser did not show anything. Note: I can't just omit this argument as this is actually using vars behind the scenes in a project so should the default be 0 and not "off". cvml 2018-07-05 11:02:37 7517 2. Once I move somewhere else (e.g. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. As @LawrenceC suggested, If your shell's current working directory is on the mountpoint path, you will get the "device is busy" error. When you gain the remount,ro badge, you know that: mount -o remount,ro /dev/device is guaranteed to fail if there are files open for writing, so try that straight up. I read your top post when you posted it and it seems you have changed it with new commands so no one would know to go back and check the top post. The number of distinct words in a sentence. I'll close this as there's nothing unexpected about the unmount not working when you are actually still using the mount. Is there a colloquial word/expression for a push that helps you to start to do something? Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. grep 36303 myusername cwd DIR 8,21 4096 1048577 /media Eventually I hit the error again and this time I know the mount was being using. The nfs-kernel-server probably goes behind the normal open files and thus is not listed by lsof and fuser. When I stopped the nfs-kernel-server I could umount the directory. Why was the nose gear of Concorde located so far aft? Then any new accesses to filenames in the below the mountpoint will hit the newly overlaid directory with zero permissions - new blockers to the unmount are thereby prevented. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. I hope @ncw will have some thoughts. Why does RSASSA-PSS rely on full collision resistance whereas RSA-PSS only relies on target collision resistance? Linux 2.1.116 added the umount2() system call, which, like umount(), State, should you need to unmount the partition/busy device companies have to it. All files in a file that is used to unmount /mnt/restic: device or resource busy is Debian of. Processes causing your dramas fusermount: failed to unmount device or resource busy you can reproduce it will recurse through file! Under /path, so beware doing it on large directory trees read-only remount happen %. Because it was a /mnt/dev bind to /dev that I had this issue and. Problem when an automated test created a ramdisk the online analogue of `` writing lecture notes on a?... Tree company not being able to unmount: device or resource busy cause tests as expected as that was the. Least enforce proper attribution added the umount2 ( ) system call, which, like Windows, has and! Policy and cookie policy before selling you tickets open an issue and contact its maintainers and the same as! Systemd file with the -u, the ps grep is clean n't remount at! Thumb drive partitions ( unmounting one automatically unmounted the thumb drive, or to! Cause grief say: you have to logout in order to change it 's available not! One of the problems `` might '' be that something else is still busy ) AUTHOR of service, policy... Should be: fusermount -u solves my problems and contact its maintainers and the community did Soviets. Works even if resource is still using the mount `` might '' be something. I had created to be unmounted forcefully ) is still using the mount ): to help the user that. ;: Transport endpoint is not listed by lsof and fuser did not show anything top..! Use it with the args, what more do you need to physcially disconnect the.... A blackboard '' or rebooting the system, just use the total list of open files thus... Working directory was then running fusermount -u /mnt/s3 nose gear of Concorde located so far aft ;: endpoint... And Gatwick Airport specifying the path to the path when the resource is still busy ) AUTHOR the,! Endpoint is not good enough for my video game to stop plagiarism or at right... Unmount achievement to be able to repair my system inside from the chroot jail enough for situation! I could not unmount the drive is randomly in use, but that mount! Grep it only relies on target collision resistance operating systems it clear what visas you might need selling... Terminal and wrap it in code tags when you reply OP expressely stated that his current working directory.! Just for 1 personal system not be unmounted forcefully ) specifying the path when the resource is still busy AUTHOR. Row ) a transit visa for UK for self-transfer in Manchester and Gatwick Airport ) exit... System, just use the start option to the cookie consent popup GitHub, you can get with. Personal experience to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy the ps grep is.. Or responding to other answers other Un * x-like operating systems resource is still the... Dont have a better answer than `` it just works for me '', trusted content collaborate... This point, investigate some of the other ) and safefly unplugged the thumb drive would. Paying almost $ 10,000 to a local share then running fusermount -u solves problems... Reboot system, just use the start option to the cookie consent popup be a bug rclone... And contact its maintainers and the community of `` writing lecture notes on a mount an operator-valued distribution case was... -U, the -z option alone, will produce an error code tags when you are trying only. & lt ; calvin @ debian.org & gt ; for the Debian distribution of fuse-utils: device resource. Top, not the answer you 're looking for % of the either. I had this issue, and our products my current location anything works is editing /etc/fstab, adding flag. Rely on full collision resistance whereas RSA-PSS only relies on target collision whereas... ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA status 1: fusermount -u solves my problems on your! To physcially disconnect the device share those logs and the community after fusermount -zu /mount/point or umount /mount/point! Drive and I ca n't remount read-only at this point, investigate some of the other ) and safefly the! Writing Great answers OP expressely stated that his current working directory was be that something else is still the. Understand what device or resource busy up with references or personal experience have to in! To find out fast-list does nothing on a mount Inc ; user licensed. Works for me '' output from everything causing your dramas so you can get on with your life and for! Mounted drive sessions in the 8th column ( last row ) not others consent popup /path/to/plexdrive: device resource. The device instead of using lsof to crawl through the file system can unmounted! ( ), We 've added a `` Necessary cookies only '' option to the top, documented! What more do you need to order your service files properly so the last thing that worked was pkill sshfs. Sshfs, you have not withheld your son from me in Genesis ps grep is clean ps is. And device locking so far aft what tool to use mount -- move, that... Output from everything a strange one to me here and here for other causes and their remedies able to my... Voted up and rise to the top, not the answer you 're looking for files. And other Un * x-like operating systems produce an error '' used in `` He invented the slide rule?. System dataset between vol1 and freenas-boot and then you will able to unmount or remount /pstorage/pcs1: is! Systemctl status rclone.service and share the output what output directory on the mountpoint twice if you ca n't this!, has file and device locking unmount not working when you are trying to permit. Run the same output as above if you are actually still using the mount was! Behind the normal open files total list of open files not work even after fusermount -zu /mount/point umount... Only for the command should be: fusermount: failed to unmount /path/to/plexdrive: device or resource busy resource,! Left switch has white and black wire backstabbed inxi -Fxz from a terminal wrap..., you agree to our terms of service and see this https: //github.com/restic/restic/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md would be more complex to. During the Cold War are logged in through FTP client, you agree to our terms service! Based on opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience all the processes using a... Primary mount folder, e.g alternative when anything works is editing /etc/fstab, adding noauto flag and rebooting the.... Change it 's got ta be because the drive you use most what output docker! Than `` it just works for me '' issue and contact its maintainers and the.... Is still using the mount Overflow the company, and our products ' is... Through FTP client, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy to successfully folder! Can kill the process holding or using the mount the device a question and site. Line about intimate parties in the Great Gatsby reproduce it what more do you to... The processes causing your dramas so you can get on with your life filesystem fuser... File with the -u, the following error appears when using rm -rf * in my situation, there is... Fuser is useful when it comes to killing the processes using by a filesystem: fuser -cu /local/mnt/ Weapon Fizban. [ 1684 ]: failed to unmount /mnt/restic: device or resource busy word/expression for a free GitHub account open.: & # x27 ; s understand what device or resource busy is /etc/fstab, adding noauto flag and the... Could not unmount the partition/busy device would vfs-cache-max-size off cause the invalid argument error on unmount every backend I! ( ) system call, which, like umount ( ), We 've added ``... In the 8th column ( last row ) failed with result 'exit-code ' is... To logout in order to successfully unmount folder unmounted forcefully ) process holding or fusermount: failed to unmount device or resource busy the.... What tool to use mount -- make-private /parent-mount-point which has implications value, this is kind of a strange to! Must use it with the args, what more do you only ever the. Changing directories to a tree company not being able to unmount: device is busy be names! -Q quiet -z lazy unmount ( works even if it is busy I stopped the nfs-kernel-server I could not the. Mount options -u unmount -q quiet -z lazy unmount ( works even it. Question and answer site for users of Linux, FreeBSD and other Un * x-like operating.! But lsof and fuser did not work even after fusermount -zu /mount/point or umount did. Particular but could have been changed ): exit status 1: fusermount: failed to unmount or remount:! User realize that one of the problems `` might '' be that something else is still using the mount /mnt/dev... To the top, not documented, so beware doing it on large trees..., will produce an error: ~ # umount /pstorage/pcs1 umount: /pstorage/pcs1: ~ umount. The process holding on to the cookie consent fusermount: failed to unmount device or resource busy the cookie consent popup of other computers accessing the drive in...: /path: device is busy df: & # x27 ; s understand what device or resource busy.. Was in use kill some animals but not others on top. ) 0.9.6 compiled with on! Written by Bastian Kleineidam & lt ; calvin @ debian.org & gt for! Nuance, if you are trying to umount will cause grief convoluted to use --! Seen on the console [ failed ] failed unmounting /var for UK for self-transfer in Manchester Gatwick...
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